Echoes are usually caused by a bad connection, poor inbound line quality or faulty end-user audio equipment on the part of one or more participants. In rare cases, more than one source of audio interference may exist.

To identify the source of echoes:

• Ask if there is anyone on the call who does not hear the echo. The participant who can't hear the echo is usually the source of it.
• Have the moderator mute all participants by pressing *96 and choosing option 1. Then verbally roll-call participants one by one, asking each participant to un-mute their line (pressing*6) and say their name.

Once identified, ask the participant that is the apparent source of the echo to mute their line by pressing *6. This allows them to continue listening to the conference without disrupting the call.

The participant may elect to disconnect and dial in again to gain a better connection to the call. This may preserve the participant’s ability to talk during the call.

The participant may also try:

• Switching from their cell phone to a landline. Landlines offer better audio quality and sustained connectivity.
• Lowering the volume of speakerphone, cell phone or telephone.
• Turning off speakerphone. Speakerphones can degrade call quality with echo, ambient and white noise.
• Picking up the telephone handset. Handsets usually have better sound characteristics than speakerphones and headsets.
• Disconnecting hands-free devices.
• Moving electronic devices such as PDAs, cell phones and laptops away from the active phone.

 If these steps do not resolve the audio conferencing issue you are experiencing, press *0 for operator assistance to isolate and resolve it.